Перевод: с английского на все языки

со всех языков на английский

Со всех языков на:
Английский
С английского на:
Русский

rear engine design

Толкование Перевод

1 rear engine design

конструкция( погрузчика) с задним расположением двигателя

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > rear engine design
2 rear engine design

конструкция ( погрузчика) с задним расположением двигателя

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > rear engine design
3 rear engine design

Техника: конструкция с задним расположением двигателя (погрузчика)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > rear engine design
4 rear-engine design

Техника: конструкция с задним расположением двигателя

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > rear-engine design
5 design

1) проектирование; разработка; конструирование || проектировать; разрабатывать; конструировать

2) проект; разработка; конструкция, конструктивное решение; конструктивное исполнение, конструктивное оформление

3) схема; чертёж; схемное решение; план

4) расчёт

5) дизайн

6) модель (одежды, обуви)

7) рисунок

•

to allow for smth in design — предусматривать что-л. проектом;

to design process — разрабатывать технологию

design of section — метал. профиль

-
alternate design
-
architectural design
-
argyle design
-
asymmetrical design
-
beadless tire design
-
blast design
-
block design
-
bottom-hole design
-
bottom-up design
-
building-block design
-
center-sill design
-
center-silless design
-
character design
-
circuit design
-
civil-engineering design
-
collapse design
-
completion design
-
composite design
-
computer-aided design
-
conceptual design
-
contractor design
-
creep design
-
cut-and-try design
-
data design
-
detailed design
-
detail design
-
dimension design
-
draft design
-
elastic design
-
engineering design
-
environmental design
-
experimental design
-
exploratory design
-
external design
-
fracture-safe design
-
fracture design
-
full-size design
-
functional design
-
hydraulic design
-
in-house design
-
interactive design
-
interlocking design
-
intermediate jacquard design
-
internal design
-
lateral-force design
-
level-sensitive scan design
-
lightweight design
-
limit design
-
limit-state design
-
load-factor design
-
logical design
-
logic design
-
mask design
-
mine design
-
mirror repeat design
-
mix design
-
mode-free design
-
modular design
-
nonspiral design
-
on-line design
-
operational design
-
optimal design
-
package design
-
panel design
-
pillar design
-
pilot design
-
plastic design
-
preliminary design
-
process design
-
program design
-
proprietary design
-
proved design
-
rail-safe design
-
rear engine design
-
retrofit design
-
revised design
-
rigid design
-
roll pass design
-
schematic design
-
seismic design
-
shaft design
-
shaft lining design
-
solar power system design
-
solar system design
-
solar cell design
-
spiral form design
-
spiral design
-
sprung arch design
-
straight design
-
streamlined design
-
structural design
-
structured design
-
symmetrical design
-
thermal design
-
top-down design
-
track oscillated design
-
trail-and-error design
-
tubular design
-
type design
-
type face design
-
ultimate load design
-
unlimited design
-
water-management design
-
water-system design
-
working stress design
-
worst-case design

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > design
6 Porsche, Ferdinand

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport

[br]

b. 3 September 1875 Maffersdorf, Austria

d. 30 January 1952 Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

[br]

Austrian automobile engineer, designer of the Volkswagen car.

[br]

At the age of fifteen, Porsche built a complete electrical installation for his home. In 1894 he went to technical school in Vienna. Four years later he became Manager of the test department of the Bela Egger concern, which later became part of the Brown Boveri organization where he became the first Assistant in the calculating section. In 1899 he joined the long-established coachbuilders Jacob Lohner, and in 1902 a car of his design with mixed drive won the 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) class in the Exelberg races. In 1905 he joined the Austro-Daimler Company as Technical Director; his subsequent designs included an 85 hp mixed-drive racing car in 1907 and in 1912 an air-cooled aircraft engine which came to be known in later years as the "great-grandfather" of the Volkswagen engine. In 1916, he became Managing Director of Austro-Daimler.

In 1921 he designed his first small car, which, appearing under the name of Sasch, won its class in the 1922 Targa Florio, a gruelling road-race in Italy. In 1923 Porsche left Austro-Daimler and joined the Daimler Company in Untertürk-heim, near Stuttgart, Germany. In 1929 he joined the firm of Steyr in Austria as a director and chief engineer, and in 1930 he set up his own independent design office in Stuttgart. In 1932 he visited Russia, and in the same year completed the design calculations for the Auto-Union racing car.

In 1934, with his son Ferry (b. 1909), he prepared a plan for the construction of the German "people's car", a project initiated by Adolf Hitler and his Nazi regime; in June of that year he signed a contract for the design work on the Volkswagen. Racing cars of his design were also successful in 1934: the rear-engined Auto-Union won the German Grand Prix, and another Au to-Union car took the Flying Kilometre speed record at 327 km/h (203.2 mph). In 1935 Daimler-Benz started preproduction on the Volkswagen. The first trials of the cars took place in the autumn of 1936, and the following year thirty experimental cars were built by Daimler-Benz. In that year, Porsche visited the United States, where he met Henry Ford; in October an Auto-Union took the Flying Five Kilometre record at 404.3 km/h (251.2 mph). On 26 May 1938, the foundation stone of the Volkswagen factory was laid in Wolfsburg, near Braunschweig, Germany.

In October 1945 Ferdinand Porsche was arrested by a unit of the United States Army and taken to Hessen; the French army removed him to Baden-Baden, then to Paris and later to Dijon. During this time he was consulted by Renault engineers regarding the design of their 4CV and designed a diesel-engined tractor. He was finally released on 5 August 1947. His last major work before his death was the approval of the design for the Cisitalia Grand Prix car.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Poetting Medal 1905. Officer's Cross of Franz Josef 1916. Honorary PhD, Vienna Technical University 1916. Honorary PhD, University of Stuttgart 1924.

Further Reading

K.Ludvigsen, 1983, Porsche: Excellence Was Expected: The Complete History of the Sports and Racing Cars, London: Frederick Muller.

T.Shuler and G.Borgeson, 1985, "Origin and Evolution of the VW Beetle", Automobile

Quarterly (May).

M.Toogood, 1991, Porsche—Germany's Legend, London: Apple Press.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Porsche, Ferdinand
7 Butler, Edward

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport

[br]

b. 1863

d. 1940

[br]

English motoring pioneer, designer of a motor tricycle.

[br]

In 1884 Butler patented a design for a motor tricycle that was shown that year at the Stanley Cycle Show and in the following year at the Inventions Exhibition. In 1887 he patented his "Petrol-tricycle", which was built the following year. The cycle was steered through its two front wheels, while it was driven through its single rear wheel. The motor, which was directly connected to the rear wheel hub by means of overhung cranks, consisted of a pair of water-cooled 2 1/4 in. (57 mm) bore cylinders with an 8 in. (203 mm) stroke working on the Clerk two-stroke cycle. Ignition was by electric spark produced by a wiper breaking contact with the piston, adopted from Butler's own design of electrostatic ignition machine; this was later replaced by a Ruhmkorff coil and a battery. There was insufficient power with direct drive and the low engine speed of c.100 rpm, producing a road speed of approximately 12 mph (19 km/h), so Butler redesigned the engine with a 6 3/4 in. (171 mm) stroke and a four-stroke cycle with an epicyclic reduction gear drive of 4:1 and later 6:1 ratio which could run at 600 rpm. The combination of restrictive speed-limit laws and shortsightedness of his backers prevented development, despite successful road demonstrations. Interest was non-existent by 1895, and the following year this first English internal combustion engined motorcycle was broken up for the scrap value of some 163 lb (74 kg) of copper and brass contained in its structure.

[br]

Further Reading

C.F.Caunter, 1982, Motor Cycles, 3rd edn, London: HMSO/Science Museum.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Butler, Edward
8 aircraft

воздушное судно [суда], атмосферный летательный аппарат [аппараты]; самолёт (ы) ; вертолёты); авиация; авиационный; см. тж. airplane, boost

aircraft in the barrier — самолёт, задержанный аварийной (аэродромной) тормозной установкой

aircraft in the pattern — самолёт на посадочном круге

aircraft off the line — новый [только что построенный] ЛА

aircraft on minimum fuel — ЛА с минимальным (для посадки) остатком топлива

arresting hook equipped aircraft — самолёт с тормозным крюком

B through F aircraft — самолёты модификаций B, C, D, E и F

carrier(-based, -borne) aircraft — палубный ЛА; авианосная авиация

clean up the aircraft — убирать шасси и закрылки

clear the air of enemy aircraft — очищать воздушное пространство от авиации противника

conventional takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт с обычными взлетом и посадкой (в отличие от укороченного или вертикального)

drive off enemy aircraft — отгонять ЛА противника

drop the aircraft onlo main wheels — опускать ЛА на главные колеса (при посадке)

earth resources survey aircraft — ЛА для исследования ресурсов Земли

force an enemy aircraft down — вынуждать ЛА противника к посадке

forward air control aircraft — самолёт наведения

get out of the aircraft — покидать ЛА

get the aircraft into production — запускать ЛА в (серийное) производство

get the aircraft on the ground — сажать ЛА на землю

high-differential pressure cabin aircraft — самолёт с большим перепадом давления в гермокабине

in-flight refueling tanker aircraft — самолёт-заправщик

keep the aircraft (headed) straight — выдерживать направление полёта ЛА (при выполнении маневра); сохранять прямолинейный полет ЛА

keep the aircraft flying — поддерживать ЛА в состоянии лётной годности

keep the aircraft in flying trim — поддерживать ЛА в состоянии лётной годности

keep the aircraft stalled — сохранять режим срыва [сваливания] самолёта, оставлять самолёт в режиме срыва [сваливания]

lift the aircraft off the ground — отрывать ЛА от земли (при взлете)

light observation quiet aircraft — лёгкий наблюдательный малошумный самолёт

low-differential pressure cabin aircraft — самолёт с малым перепадом давления в гермокабине

nearly wing borne aircraft — верт. ЛА в конце режима перехода к горизонтальному полёту

night forward air control aircraft — ночной самолёт наведения

outmaneuver an enemy aircraft — превосходить ЛА противника в маневренности

outspeed an enemy aircraft — превосходить ЛА противника в скорости

pull the aircraft off the deck — разг. отрывать ЛА от земли (при взлете)

put the aircraft back in an operational status — возвращать ЛА в строй (годных к эксплуатации)

put the aircraft into service — вводить ЛА в эксплуатацию

put the aircraft nose-up — переводить [вводить] ЛА на кабрирование [в режим кабрирования]

put the aircraft onto the runway — сажать ЛА па ВПП

put the aircraft through its paces — определять предельные возможности ЛА, «выжимать все из ЛА»

reduced takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт укороченного взлета и посадки (с укороченным разбегом и пробегом)

remotely controlled manned aircraft — телеуправляемый ЛА с экипажем на борту (на этапе отработки)

remotely piloted target aircraft — дистанционно управляемый самолёт-мишень

render the aircraft airborne — поднимать ЛА в воздух

rock the aircraft from side to side — раскачивать ЛА из стороны в сторону

rocket(-powered, -propelled) aircraft — ракетный ЛА, ЛА с ракетным двигателем

roll the aircraft into a bank — вводить ЛА в крен, накренять ЛА

rotate the aircraft into the climb — увеличивать угол тангажа ЛА для перехода к набору высоты, переводить ЛА в набор высоты

search and rescue aircraft — поисково-спасательный самолёт или вертолёт

send the aircraft around — направлять ЛА на второй круг

short takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт короткого взлета и посадки (с коротким разбегом и пробегом)

single vertical tail aircraft — ЛА с одинарным [центральным] вертикальным оперением

stability and control aircraft — ЛА для исследования характеристик устойчивости и управляемости

stowable rotor aircraft — ЛА со складывающимся несущим винтом

strategic(-mission, -purpose) aircraft — ЛА стратегического назначения; стратегический самолёт

take the aircraft into flight — поднимать ЛА в воздух

take the aircraft throughout its entire envelope — пилотировать ЛА во всем диапазоне полётных режимов

talk in an aircraft — раза выводить ЛА на посадочный курс

test and evaluation aircraft — ЛА предназначенные для лётных испытаний и оценки

tilt wing-deflected slipstream aircraft — СВВП с поворотным крылом и отклоняемой струей от винтов

trim the aircraft to fly hands-and-feet off — балансировать самолёт для полёта с брошенным управлением [с брошенными ручкой и педалями]

turbofan(-engined, -powered) aircraft — ЛА с турбовентиляторными двигателями, ЛА с ТРДД

turbojet(-powered, -propelled) aircraft — ЛА с ТРД

turn the aircraft toward the runway — разворачивать ЛА в направлении ВПП

turn up the aircraft — гонять двигатели ЛА

undergraduate navigator training aircraft — учебно-тренировочный самолёт для повышенной лётной подготовки штурманов

upper atmosphere research aircraft — ЛА для исследования верхних слоев атмосферы

vertical takeoff and landing aircraft — ЛА вертикального взлета и посадки

water(-based, takeoff and landing) aircraft — гидросамолёт

wrench the aircraft into a turn — вводить ЛА в разворот

— abandoned aircraft

— aborted aircraft

— acrobatic aircraft

— active ECM aircraft

— administrative aircraft

— advanced aircraft

— advanced-trainer aircraft

— aerobatic aircraft

— aerobatic training aircraft

— aerodynamic-test aircraft

— aft-engined aircraft

— ailing aircraft

— air alert aircraft

— air reserve aircraft

— airborne alert aircraft

— air-breathing aircraft

— air-carrier aircraft

— aircraft in distress

— aircraft in service

— aircraft in trouble

— aircraft on loan

— airline aircraft

— air-to-air refueling aircraft

— airworthy aircraft

— all-altitude aircraft

— all-body aircraft

— all-can-do aircraft

— all-cargo aircraft

— all-metal aircraft

— all-purpose aircraft

— all-rocket-armed aircraft

— all-terrain aircraft

— all-weather aircraft

— all-wing aircraft

— all-wood aircraft

— aluminum aircraft

— ambulance aircraft

— amphibian aircraft

— amphibious aircraft

— annular-wing aircraft

— antiradiation missile aircraft

— antisubmarine warfare aircraft

— armed aircraft

— armored aircraft

— army aircraft

— army cooperation aircraft

— army support aircraft

— arriving aircraft

— artillery location aircraft

— artillery observation aircraft

— artillery reconnaissance aircraft

— assault aircraft

— assault transport aircraft

— ASW aircraft

— asymmetrical aircraft

— athodyd aircraft

— atmosphere-entry-type aircraft

— attack aircraft

— augmented jet aircraft

— augmentor-wing aircraft

— automatically-controlled aircraft

— autopilot-controlled aircraft

— autopiloted aircraft

— backup aircraft

— bailment aircraft

— ballasted aircraft

— base flight aircraft

— basic aircraft

— big-door aircraft

— bimotor aircraft

— bingoing aircraft

— biservice aircraft

— bisymmetrical aircraft

— BLC aircraft

— blind-flying training aircraft

— bobtailed aircraft

— bombing aircraft

— boost-glide aircraft

— border patrol aircraft

— box-like aircraft

— braced aircraft

— business aircraft

— cabin-type aircraft

— canard aircraft

— cargo aircraft

— carrier-on-board aircraft

— CASS aircraft

— catapulted aircraft

— Cat-T aircraft

— century series aircraft

— certified aircraft

— channel-wing aircraft

— chase aircraft

— chemically-fueled aircraft

— chemically-powered aircraft

— chock the aircraft

— clean configured aircraft

— close-air-support aircraft

— cloud sampling aircraft

— coastal patrol aircraft

— COIN aircraft

— collapsible aircraft

— collision-protected aircraft

— combat aircraft

— combat-and-trainer aircraft

— combat-damaged aircraft

— combat-loaded aircraft

— combination aircraft

— command communication aircraft

— command post aircraft

— commercial aircraft

— communication relay aircraft

— company-funded aircraft

— comparable enemy aircraft

— complete aircraft

— composite aircraft

— composite powerplant aircraft

— composite turbojet aircraft

— computer-driven aircraft

— configure the aircraft

— conventional design aircraft

— conventional-technology aircraft

— converging aircraft

— conversion-type aircraft

— converted aircraft

— convertible aircraft

— cooperation aircraft

— countermeasures aircraft

— crashed aircraft

— crash-landed aircraft

— crescent-wing aircraft

— cross-country aircraft

— cruciform aircraft

— CTOL aircraft

— damaged aircraft

— deck-landing aircraft

— deck-launched aircraft

— deck-launching aircraft

— defensive aircraft

— deflected-exhaust aircraft

— deflected-slipstream aircraft

— deflected-thrust aircraft

— delta-winged aircraft

— demonstrator aircraft

— departing aircraft

— designator aircraft

— development batch aircraft

— development test aircraft

— developmental aircraft

— directed aircraft

— direct-lift aircraft

— director aircraft

— disabled aircraft

— dispersed aircraft

— distressed aircraft

— dlscoid-shaped aircraft

— Doppler-navigated aircraft

— double-deck aircraft

— double-delta aircraft

— downed aircraft

— drone aircraft

— dual-control aircraft

— dual-role aircraft

— dual-service aircraft

— ducted-propeller aircraft

— dynamically slender aircraft

— early-warning aircraft

— ECM aircraft

— eight-engined aircraft

— ejection-seat aircraft

— ejector-seat aircraft

— electronic conntermeasures aircraft

— electronic intelligence aircraft

— electronic reconnaissance aircraft

— electronic warfare aircraft

— electronically-controlled aircraft

— elongated aircraft

— endurance-test aircraft

— enemy intruder aircraft

— engineless aircraft

— enroute aircraft

— errant aircraft

— escort aircraft

— executive aircraft

— exit the aircraft

— expendable aircraft

— experimental aircraft

— extended-range aircraft

— faker aircraft

— fan-in-wing aircraft

— fan-jet aircraft

— fast aircraft

— fast-climbing aircraft

— fast-penetration aircraft

— feeder liner aircraft

— ferret aircraft

— ferrying aircraft

— fertilizing aircraft

— fighter control aircraft

— fighter direction aircraft

— fighter reconnaissance aircraft

— firing aircraft

— first-generation aircraft

— first-line aircraft

— fixed aircraft

— fixed-gear aircraft

— fixed-geometry aircraft

— fixed-wing aircraft

— flamed-out aircraft

— flank aircraft

— flapless aircraft

— flapped aircraft

— fleet-orbiting aircraft

— flexible aircraft

— flight aircraft

— flight-inspection aircraft

— flight-test aircraft

— floated aircraft

— flutter-clear aircraft

— flying testbed aircraft

— folding-rotor aircraft

— folding-winged aircraft

— foreign-built aircraft

— four-engined aircraft

— four-jet aircraft

— freight aircraft

— friendly aircraft

— front-line aircraft

— full-scale aircraft

— full-sized aircraft

— fully-aerobatic aircraft

— fully-armed aircraft

— fully-fueled aircraft

— fully-manned aircraft

— fuselage-heavy aircraft

— G aircraft

— gas-turbine aircraft

— gear-down aircraft

— gear-up aircraft

— general aviation aircraft

— general-purpose aircraft

— general-utility aircraft

— generating aircraft

— GETOL aircraft

— glazed-nose aircraft

— glider transport aircraft

— glider tug aircraft

— glide-type aircraft

— government aircraft

— ground alert aircraft

— guided aircraft

— gunship aircraft

— gust sensitive aircraft

— gyrodyne aircraft

— handle the aircraft

— handy aircraft

— hard-runway aircraft

— heavier-than-air aircraft

— heavy weight aircraft

— hedge-hopping aircraft

— helicopter-cum-fixed-wing aircraft

— high-altitude aircraft

— high-altitude surveillance aircraft

— high-aspect-ratio wing aircraft

— high-dynamic-pressure aircraft

— high-flying aircraft

— highly-flexible aircraft

— highly-maneuverable aircraft

— highly-wing loaded aircraft

— high-Mach aircraft

— high-performance aircraft

— high-set tail aircraft

— high-speed aircraft

— high-subsonic aircraft

— high-supersonic aircraft

— high-time aircraft

— high-winged aircraft

— holding aircraft

— home-built aircraft

— hostile aircraft

— hot-foot aircraft

— hovering aircraft

— hover-jet aircraft

— human-piloted aircraft

— hungry aircraft

— hydro-ski aircraft

— hypersonic aircraft

— hypersonic cruise aircraft

— hypothetical aircraft

— IFR aircraft

— illuminating aircraft

— incoming aircraft

— inertial fuselage-heavy aircraft

— inertially slender aircraft

— inflatable aircraft

— inflatable-wing aircraft

— inhabited aircraft

— in-service aircraft

— instrument training aircraft

— instrumented aircraft

— intercity aircraft

— intercommunication aircraft

— intercontinental aircraft

— interrogate the aircraft

— intruder aircraft

— inverted aircraft

— jamming aircraft

— jet attack aircraft

— jet-augmented aircraft

— jet-boosted aircraft

— jet-ejector aircraft

— jet-engined aircraft

— jet-flap aircraft

— jet-flap research aircraft

— jet-lift aircraft

— jet-propelled aircraft

— jet-propulsion aircraft

— jumbo aircraft

— key aircraft

— laminar-flow aircraft

— laminarized aircraft

— land-based aircraft

— large dimension aircraft

— large-capacity aircraft

— large-payload aircraft

— late-production aircraft

— launched aircraft

— launching aircraft

— leader aircraft

— leading aircraft

— leadnose aircraft

— level the aircraft

— level-supersonic aircraft

— LFC aircraft

— liaison aircraft

— license-built aircraft

— license-manufactured aircraft

— lift-fan aircraft

— lifting aircraft

— light transport aircraft

— lighter-than-air aircraft

— litter aircraft

— load the aircraft

— loaded aircraft

— loitering aircraft

— long-distance aircraft

— long-endurance aircraft

— long-range aircraft

— low-altitude aircraft

— low-aspect-ratiowing aircraft

— low-flying aircraft

— low-level aircraft

— low-observable aircraft

— low-set-tail aircraft

— low-speed aircraft

— low-wing aircraft

— low-wing-loading aircraft

— man the aircraft

— man-carrying aircraft

— maneuverable aircraft

— maneuvering aircraft

— maneuvering-type aircraft

— manned aircraft

— man-powered aircraft

— manually controlled aircraft

— marginally powered aircraft

— marine aircraft

— maritime aircraft

— mass-produced aircraft

— medical air-evacuation aircraft

— medium cargo aircraft

— medium transport aircraft

— medium-weight aircraft

— medium-capacity aircraft

— medium-haul aircraft

— medium-payload aircraft

— medium-range aircraft

— metal aircraft

— meteorological reconnaissance aircraft

— middle-wing aircraft

— mid-set aircraft

— mid-wing aircraft

— mine-laying aircraft

— missile-carrier aircraft

— missile-carrying aircraft

— missile-launching aircraft

— mission aircraft

— MIT aircraft

— mixed jet-rocket aircraft

— mixed-powerplant aircraft

— model aircraft

— modified aircraft

— modular aircraft

— mother aircraft

— motorless aircraft

— multiengined aircraft

— multijet aircraft

— multimission aircraft

— multiplace aircraft

— multipurpose aircraft

— multiseated aircraft

— multisensor aircraft

— M-wing aircraft

— narrow-bodied aircraft

— navalized aircraft

— near term aircraft

— nonaerobatic aircraft

— noncombat aircraft

— nonexpendable aircraft

— nonmaneuverable aircraft

— nonoperational aircraft

— nonpressurized cabin aircraft

— nonspinnable aircraft

— nonspinning aircraft

— normal design aircraft

— nose-heavy aircraft

— nose-tow-equipped aircraft

— nose-wheel aircraft

— nuclear aircraft

— nuclear-carrier aircraft

— nuclear-powered aircraft

— nuclear-propelled aircraft

— number two aircraft

— oblique takeoff aircraft

— oblique wing aircraft

— observation aircraft

— obsolete aircraft

— ogee-planform aircraft

— ogee-wing aircraft

— oncoming aircraft

— open-cockpit aircraft

— operating aircraft

— operational aircraft

— operational trainer aircraft

— operational training aircraft

— operationally-configured aircraft

— operationally-ready aircraft

— opponent aircraft

— opposing aircraft

— optimum aircraft

— orbiting aircraft

— originating aircraft

— out-of-control aircraft

— overloaded aircraft

— overtaken aircraft

— overwater aircraft

— overweight aircraft

— pacer aircraft

— paint the aircraft

— pantobase aircraft

— pantosurface aircraft

— paper aircraft

— parabolic flight aircraft

— parasol aircraft

— parent aircraft

— parked aircraft

— passenger/cargo aircraft

— passenger-carrying cargo aircraft

— pathfinder aircraft

— patrol aircraft

— performance aircraft

— personal aircraft

— photographic reconnaissance aircraft

— photographic-mapping aircraft

— photographic-survey aircraft

— picket aircraft

— pickup aircraft

— pilot-controlled aircraft

— pilot's aircraft

— pilot-training aircraft

— piston-driven aircraft

— piston-engined aircraft

— plastic aircraft

— podded aircraft

— pods-off aircraft

— power boost-controlled aircraft

— power the aircraft

— power-controlled aircraft

— powered aircraft

— powerful aircraft

— preflight the aircraft

— pre-production aircraft

— Present-generation aircraft

— Pressurized-cabin aircraft

— primary developmental aircraft

— primary training aircraft

— private aircraft

— probe aircraft

— production model aircraft

— prone-pilot aircraft

— proof-of-concept aircraft

— propeller-driven aircraft

— propeller-propelled aircraft

— propjet aircraft

— prop-lift aircraft

— proprotor aircraft

— propulsive wing aircraft

— protected aircraft

— prototype aircraft

— provisionally certificated aircraft

— pulsejet aircraft

— pusher-equipped aircraft

— pusher-type aircraft

— push-pull aircraft

— Q/STOL aircraft

— questionable aircraft

— quick aircraft

— quiet aircraft

— quieted aircraft

— quiet-engined aircraft

— R&D aircraft

— racing aircraft

— radar-calibration aircraft

— radar-nosed aircraft

— radar-picket aircraft

— radar-simulated aircraft

— radar-training aircraft

— radio-controlled aircraft

— ramjet-powered aircraft

— ramp-launched aircraft

— reaction-control aircraft

— readable aircraft

— rear-engined aircraft

— rear-loading aircraft

— receiver aircraft

— receiving aircraft

— reciprocating-engine aircraft

— reconnaissance aircraft

— record-holding aircraft

— recovery aircraft

— red-cross aircraft

— refueled aircraft

— refueling aircraft

— relay aircraft

— relief aircraft

— remotely controlled aircraft

— rendezvousing aircraft

— rent aircraft

— replacement aircraft

— rescue aircraft

— research aircraft

— research and development aircraft

— responsive aircraft

— retractable-gear aircraft

— reverse-thrust aircraft

— revetted aircraft

— ride the aircraft

— robot aircraft

— rocket-armed aircraft

— rocket-boosted aircraft

— rocket-carrying aircraft

— rotary wing aircraft

— rotating wing aircraft

— rotor aircraft

— rotor/propeller aircraft

— rugged aircraft

— runaway aircraft

— scissor-winged aircraft

— scramble aircraft

— seaborne aircraft

— search radar aircraft

— second-generation aircraft

— second-line aircraft

— second-mission aircraft

— semiaerobatic aircraft

— semiexpendable aircraft

— series production aircraft

— service aircraft

— service-test aircraft

— shadow aircraft

— shaker-equipped aircraft

— sheltered aircraft

— ship-based aircraft

— shipboard aircraft

— shipborne aircraft

— shore-based aircraft

— short takeoff aircraft

— shorter-winged aircraft

— short-field aircraft

— short-haul aircraft

— short-landing aircraft

— short-legged aircraft

— short-range aircraft

— short-span aircraft

— shoulder-wing aircraft

— sick aircraft

— side firing aircraft

— side-loading aircraft

— similar model aircraft

— simulated aircraft

— single-design-point aircraft

— single-float aircraft

— single-jet aircraft

— single-place aircraft

— single-seat aircraft

— six-engined aircraft

— skip-bombing aircraft

— slender aircraft

— slender-delta aircraft

— slender-wing aircraft

— slim-delta aircraft

— slow the aircraft

— slow-landing aircraft

— smooth-flying aircraft

— solo-piloted aircraft

— spare aircraft

— special aircraft

— specially instrumented aircraft

— special-mission aircraft

— special-purpose aircraft

— spin demonstration aircraft

— spin model aircraft

— spinnable aircraft

— spinning aircraft

— spirally stable aircraft

— spirally unstable aircraft

— spotter aircraft

— stabilized aircraft

— stable aircraft

— stacked aircraft

— staged aircraft

— stalled aircraft

— stall-free aircraft

— stall-proof aircraft

— stall-safe aircraft

— static-test aircraft

— steep gradient aircraft

— stick-pusher aircraft

— still-to-be-delivered aircraft

— STOL aircraft

— stopped-folded rotor aircraft

— stopped-stowed rotor aircraft

— stored aircraft

— stowed rotor aircraft

— strafer aircraft

— strafing aircraft

— straight-jet aircraft

— straight-wing aircraft

— streamlined aircraft

— stretched aircraft

— strike aircraft

— stripped aircraft

— strongly controlled aircraft

— study aircraft

— subsonic aircraft

— supersonic aircraft

— supersonic cruising aircraft

— supply aircraft

— supply dropper aircraft

— support type aircraft

— surface effect aircraft

— swept-back aircraft

— swept-wing aircraft

— swing-tail aircraft

— swing-wing aircraft

— swiveling-nozzle aircraft

— symmetrical aircraft

— symmetrically loaded aircraft

— systems test aircraft

— tailed aircraft

— tail-engined aircraft

— tail-first aircraft

— tailless aircraft

— tail-sitting aircraft

— tail-wheeled aircraft

— tandem aircraft

— tandem-wing aircraft

— tanker aircraft

— target aircraft

— target drone aircraft

— target-towing aircraft

— telecontrolled aircraft

— television-controlled aircraft

— terminating aircraft

— terrain-following aircraft

— test aircraft

— test-bed aircraft

— test-support aircraft

— the aircraft off

— theoretical aircraft

— thick-winged aircraft

— third-generation aircraft

— third-level aircraft

— threat aircraft

— three-point refueling aircraft

— thrust-vectored aircraft

— tied-down aircraft

— tight-turning aircraft

— tilt-fold-proprotor aircraft

— tilting-wing aircraft

— tilting-duct propeller aircraft

— tilt-propeller aircraft

— tilt-wing propeller aircraft

— torpedo-carrier aircraft

— towing aircraft

— tow-target aircraft

— tractor-type aircraft

— trailing aircraft

— trainer aircraft

— training aircraft

— transatlantic aircraft

— transcontinental aircraft

— transitional aircraft

— transoceanic aircraft

— transonic aircraft

— transonically-accelerating aircraft

— transponder-equipped aircraft

— transport aircraft

— trials aircraft

— tricyclic-geared aircraft

— triphibian aircraft

— triphibious aircraft

— triple-finned aircraft

— triplex-systemed aircraft

— tri-service aircraft

— tri-tail aircraft

— troop-carrier aircraft

— trunk-route aircraft

— T-tailed aircraft

— tug aircraft

— turbine-engined aircraft

— turbine-powered aircraft

— turboprop aircraft

— turboramjet aircraft

— turbulent aircraft

— twin-boom aircraft

— twin-duct aircraft

— twin-jet aircraft

— twin-turbofan aircraft

— twin-turboprop aircraft

— two-altimeter aircraft

— two-control aircraft

— two-design-point aircraft

— ultimate production aircraft

— ultra-high-performance aircraft

— unarmed aircraft

— unaugmented aircraft

— unbailable aircraft

— uncontrollable aircraft

— uncontrolled aircraft

— underrun the aircraft

— unflapped aircraft

— unflown aircraft

— unidentified aircraft

— unknown aircraft

— unmanned aircraft

— unmodified aircraft

— unprotected aircraft

— unstable aircraft

— unswept aircraft

— upright aircraft

— utility aircraft

— V/STOL aircraft

— variable-control aircraft

— variable-geometry aircraft

— variable-incidence aircraft

— variable-mass aircraft

— variable-stability aircraft

— variable-sweep wing aircraft

— vector the aircraft

— vectored aircraft

— vectored lift aircraft

— vectored thrust aircraft

— vectoring aircraft

— versatile aircraft

— vertical attitude aircraft

— vertical takeoff aircraft

— vertical-flight aircraft

— vertical-lift aircraft

— vertically-rising aircraft

— VG aircraft

— voice aircraft

— vortex generating aircraft

— VTOL aircraft

— weather-modified aircraft

— wheeled aircraft

— wide-body aircraft

— wingborne aircraft

— winged aircraft

— wingless aircraft

— wingman's aircraft

— winterized aircraft

— wool-tufted aircraft

— wrecked aircraft

— yaw the aircraft

— yawed aircraft

— zero-length-launch aircraft

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > aircraft
9 aircraft

1. (атмосферный) летательный аппарат [аппараты], воздушное судно [суда]; самолет(ы); вертолет(ы);

см. тж. airplane,

2. авиация/ авиационный; бортовой <об оборудовании ЛА>

4-D aircraft

4-D equipped aircraft

9-g aircraft

ADF aircraft

advanced-technology aircraft

adversary aircraft

aerobatic aircraft

aft-tail aircraft

aggressor aircraft

agile aircraft

agricultural aircraft

air defence aircraft

air-refuellable aircraft

air-to-ground aircraft

airborne early warning and control aircraft

alert aircraft

all-digital aircraft

all-training aircraft

all-electric aircraft

all-metal aircraft

all-new aircraft

all-out stealth aircraft

all-weather aircraft

amateur built aircraft

amphibious aircraft

antisubmarine warfare aircraft

around-the-world aircraft

artificial-stability aircraft

asymmetric aircraft

attack aircraft

attrition aircraft

augmented aircraft

automated aircraft

backside aircraft

BAI aircraft

balanced aircraft

battle-damaged aircraft

battle-tolerant aircraft

battlefield aircraft

bulbous-nosed aircraft

buoyant quad-rotor aircraft

bush aircraft

business aircraft

business-class aircraft

calibrated pace aircraft

canard aircraft

canard controlled aircraft

canard-configured aircraft

canard-winged aircraft

cargo aircraft

cargo-capable aircraft

carrier aircraft

carrier-based aircraft

carrier-qualified aircraft

CAS aircraft

centerstick aircraft

centerstick controlled aircraft

Christmas tree aircraft

class IV aircraft

clear weather reconnaissance aircraft

close-coupled canard aircraft

coated aircraft

combat air patrol aircraft

combat training aircraft

combat-damaged aircraft

combat-loaded aircraft

combi aircraft

combustible fuel aircraft

commuter aircraft

composite material aircraft

composite-built aircraft

composite-wing aircraft

computer-generated aircraft

conceptual aircraft

conceptual design aircraft

conflicting aircraft

control reconfigurable aircraft

control-by-wire aircraft

conventional tailled aircraft

conventional take-off and landing aircraft

conventional variable-sweep aircraft

conventionally designed aircraft

corporate aircraft

counter insurgency aircraft

cropspray aircraft

cropspraying aircraft

cruise matched aircraft

cruise-designed aircraft

CTOL aircraft

current-generation aircraft

damage tolerant aircraft

day-only aircraft

day/night aircraft

de-iced aircraft

defence-suppression aircraft

delta-wing aircraft

demonstrator aircraft

development aircraft

developmental aircraft

divergence prone aircraft

double-deck aircraft

drug interdiction aircraft

drug-smuggling aircraft

dual-capable aircraft

ducted-propeller aircraft

dynamically stable aircraft

dynamically unstable aircraft

Earth resources research aircraft

Earth resources survey aircraft

ejector-powered aircraft

Elint aircraft

EMP-hardened aircraft

ex-airline aircraft

FAC aircraft

fake aircraft

fan-in-wing aircraft

fan-powered aircraft

firefighting aircraft

fixed-cycle engine aircraft

fixed-landing-gear aircraft

fixed-planform aircraft

fixed-wing aircraft

flexible aircraft

flight inspection aircraft

flight loads aircraft

flight refuelling aircraft

flight test aircraft

flightworthy aircraft

fly-by-wire aircraft

flying-wing aircraft

forgiving aircraft

forward air control aircraft

forward-swept-wing aircraft

four-dimensional equipped aircraft

freely flying aircraft

freighter aircraft

friendly aircraft

front-line aircraft

FSD aircraft

fuel efficient aircraft

fuel-hungry aircraft

full-scale aircraft

full-scale development aircraft

full-size aircraft

fully-capable aircraft

fully-tanked aircraft

gap filler aircraft

gas turbine-powered aircraft

ground-hugging aircraft

gull-winged aircraft

heavy-lift aircraft

high-Mach aircraft

high-alpha research aircraft

high-cycle aircraft

high-demand aircraft

high-drag aircraft

high-dynamic-pressure aircraft

high-flying aircraft

high-life aircraft

high-performance aircraft

high-speed aircraft

high-tail aircraft

high-technology aircraft

high-thrust aircraft

high-time aircraft

high-wing aircraft

high-winged aircraft

highest cycle aircraft

highest flight-cycle aircraft

highly agile aircraft

highly augmented aircraft

highly glazed aircraft

highly maneuverable aircraft

highly unstable aircraft

holding aircraft

home-based aircraft

home-built aircraft

hovering aircraft

hydrocarbon-fueled aircraft

hydrogen fueled aircraft

hypersonic aircraft

ice-cloud-generating aircraft

icing-research aircraft

idealized aircraft

IFR-equipped aircraft

in-production aircraft

interrogating aircraft

intratheater airlift aircraft

intratheater lift aircraft

intruder aircraft

inventory aircraft

jamming aircraft

jet aircraft

jet-flap aircraft

jet-flapped aircraft

jet-powered aircraft

jet-propelled aircraft

joined-wing aircraft

JTIDS aircraft

jump aircraft

K/s like aircraft

kit-based aircraft

kit-built aircraft

land aircraft

land-based aircraft

large aircraft

large-production-run aircraft

launch aircraft

launching aircraft

lead aircraft

leading aircraft

leased aircraft

Level 1 aircraft

lift plus lift-cruise aircraft

light aircraft

light-powered aircraft

lighter-than-air aircraft

long-haul aircraft

long-winged aircraft

longitudinally unstable aircraft

look-down, shoot-down capable aircraft

low-boom aircraft

low-cost aircraft

low-observability aircraft

low-observable aircraft

low-powered aircraft

low-rate production aircraft

low-RCS aircraft

low-speed aircraft

low-time aircraft

low-to-medium speed aircraft

low-wing aircraft

low-winged aircraft

lowest weight aircraft

Mach 2 aircraft

man-powered aircraft

manned aircraft

marginally stable aircraft

mechanically-controlled aircraft

mechanically-signalled aircraft

medevac-equipped aircraft

microlight aircraft

microwave-powered aircraft

mid-wing aircraft

mid-winged aircraft

minimum weight aircraft

mission aircraft

mission-ready aircraft

multibody aircraft

multimission aircraft

multipropeller aircraft

multipurpose aircraft

narrow-bodied aircraft

naturally unstable aircraft

neutrally stable aircraft

new-built aircraft

new-technology aircraft

night fighting aircraft

night-capable aircraft

night-equipped aircraft

nonagile aircraft

nonalert aircraft

nonautomated aircraft

1950s-vintage aircraft

nonflying test aircraft

nonpressurized aircraft

nonstealth aircraft

nontransponder-equipped aircraft

nonpropulsive-lift aircraft

northeastwardly launching aircraft

nuclear-hardened aircraft

nuclear-strike aircraft

oblique-wing aircraft

ocean patrol aircraft

off-the-shelf aircraft

offensive aircraft

older-generation aircraft

out-of-production aircraft

outbound aircraft

pace aircraft

parasol-winged aircraft

parked aircraft

partial mission-capable aircraft

patrol aircraft

piston aircraft

piston-engine aircraft

piston-powered aircraft

piston-prop aircraft

pivoting oblique wing aircraft

point-design aircraft

powered-lift aircraft

precision strike aircraft

probe-equipped aircraft

production aircraft

production-line aircraft

proof-of-concept aircraft

prop-rotor aircraft

propeller aircraft

propeller-powered aircraft

propulsive-lift aircraft

prototype aircraft

public-transport aircraft

purpose-built aircraft

pusher aircraft

pusher-propelled aircraft

quad-rotor aircraft

radar test aircraft

RAM-treated aircraft

ready aircraft

rear-engined aircraft

receiving aircraft

recent-technology aircraft

reconnaissance aircraft

refueling aircraft

remanufactured aircraft

research aircraft

retrofit aircraft

Rogallo-winged aircraft

rollout aircraft

rotary-wing aircraft

rotary-winged aircraft

rotodome-equipped aircraft

safely spinnable aircraft

scaled-down aircraft

scaled-up aircraft

scissor-wing aircraft

sea-based aircraft

second-hand aircraft

self-repairing aircraft

sensor-carrying aircraft

short range aircraft

short takeoff and vertical landing aircraft

short-coupled flying wing aircraft

short-haul aircraft

side-inlet aircraft

sideslipping aircraft

silent aircraft

single engine aircraft

single-pilot aircraft

single-service aircraft

sized aircraft

sized optimized aircraft

slender-delta aircraft

SLEPed aircraft

small-tailed aircraft

smuggler aircraft

solar-powered aircraft

special operations aircraft

spin-proof aircraft

spinning aircraft

statically stable aircraft

statically unstable aircraft

stealth aircraft

stealthy aircraft

STOL aircraft

stopped-rotor aircraft

stored aircraft

STOVL aircraft

straight-tube aircraft

straight-wing aircraft

straight-winged aircraft

stretched aircraft

strike aircraft

strike-control aircraft

sub-scale aircraft

submarine communications relay aircraft

sunken aircraft

superaugmented aircraft

supersonic cruise aircraft

supportable aircraft

surveillance aircraft

swing-wing aircraft

T-tail aircraft

tactical aircraft

tactical-type aircraft

tail-aft aircraft

tail-first aircraft

tailless aircraft

tailwheel aircraft

tandem-seat aircraft

tandem-wing aircraft

target-towing aircraft

TCAS-equipped aircraft

test aircraft

threat aircraft

three-pilot aircraft

three-surface aircraft

thrust-vector-control aircraft

tilt-fold-rotor aircraft

tilt-proprotor aircraft

tilt-rotor aircraft

tilt-wing aircraft

top-of-the-range aircraft

trailing aircraft

trainer cargo aircraft

trajectory stable aircraft

transoceanic-capable aircraft

transonic aircraft

transonic maneuvering aircraft

transport aircraft

transport-size aircraft

trimmed aircraft

trisurface aircraft

tug aircraft

turbine-powered aircraft

turboprop aircraft

turbopropeller aircraft

TVC aircraft

twin-aisle aircraft

twin-engined aircraft

twin-fuselage aircraft

twin-jet aircraft

twin-tailed aircraft

twin-turboprop aircraft

two-aircrew aircraft

two-crew aircraft

two-pilot aircraft

two-place aircraft

ultrahigh-bypass demonstrator aircraft

ultralight aircraft

undesignated aircraft

unpressurized aircraft

unslatted aircraft

utility aircraft

V/STOL aircraft

variable-stability aircraft

VATOL aircraft

vector thrust controlled aircraft

vectored aircraft

vectored thrust aircraft

versatile aircraft

vertical attitude takeoff and landing aircraft

VFR aircraft

violently maneuvering aircraft

VTOL aircraft

water tanker aircraft

weapons-delivery test aircraft

weight-shift aircraft

well-behaved aircraft

wide-body aircraft

wing-in-ground effect aircraft

X aircraft

X-series aircraft

X-wing aircraft

yaw-vane-equipped aircraft

Авиасловарь > aircraft
10 Fabre, Henri

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

[br]

b. 29 November 1882 Marseilles, France

d. June 1984 France

[br]

French engineer, designer of the first seaplane, in which he made the first flight from water.

[br]

After obtaining a degree in engineering, Fabre specialized in hydrodynamics. Around 1904 he developed an interest in flying and followed the progress of early French aviators such as Archdeacon, Voisin and Blériot who were experimenting with float-gliders. Fabre carried out many experiments during the following years, including airflow tests on various surfaces and hydrodynamic tests on different designs for floats. He also built a propeller-driven motor car to develop the most efficient design for a propeller. In 1909 he built his first "hydro-aeroplane", but it failed to fly. By March 1910 he built a new float plane which was very different from contemporary French aeroplanes. It was a tail-first (canard) monoplane and had unusual Warren girder spars exposed to the airstream. The engine was a conventional Gnome rotary mounted at the rear of the machine. On 28 March 1910 Fabre, who had no previous experience of flying, decided he was ready to test his hydro-aeroplane. First he made several straight runs to test the planing properties of his three floats, then he made several short hops. In the afternoon Fabre took off from the harbour at La Mède near Marseille before official witnesses: he was able to claim the first flight by a powered seaplane. His hydro-aeroplane is preserved in the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace in Paris.

Despite several accidents, Fabre continued to improve his design and in October of 1910 Glenn Curtiss, the American designer, visited Fabre to compare notes. A year later Curtiss built the first of his many successful seaplanes. Fabre did not continue as an aircraft designer, but he went on to design and manufacture floats for other people.

[br]

Bibliography

1980, J'ai vu naître l'aviation, Grenoble (autobiography).

JDS

Biographical history of technology > Fabre, Henri
11 Adams, William Bridges

SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Railways and locomotives

[br]

b. 1797 Madeley, Staffordshire, England

d. 23 July 1872 Broadstairs, Kent, England

[br]

English inventory particularly of road and rail vehicles and their equipment.

[br]

Ill health forced Adams to live abroad when he was a young man and when he returned to England in the early 1830s he became a partner in his father's firm of coachbuilders. Coaches during that period were steered by a centrally pivoted front axle, which meant that the front wheels had to swing beneath the body and were therefore made smaller than the rear wheels. Adams considered this design defective and invented equirotal coaches, built by his firm, in which the front and rear wheels were of equal diameter and the coach body was articulated midway along its length so that the front part pivoted. He also applied himself to improving vehicles for railways, which were developing rapidly then.

In 1843 he opened his own engineering works, Fairfield Works in north London (he was not related to his contemporary William Adams, who was appointed Locomotive Superintendent to the North London Railway in 1854). In 1847 he and James Samuel, Engineer to the Eastern Counties Railway, built for that line a small steam inspection car, the Express, which was light enough to be lifted off the track. The following year Adams built a broad-gauge steam railcar, the Fairfield, for the Bristol \& Exeter Railway at the insistance of the line's Engineer, C.H.Gregory: self-propelled and passenger-carrying, this was the first railcar. Adams developed the concept further into a light locomotive that could haul two or three separate carriages, and light locomotives built both by his own firm and by other noted builders came into vogue for a decade or more.

In 1847 Adams also built eight-wheeled coaches for the Eastern Counties Railway that were larger and more spacious than most others of the day: each in effect comprised two four-wheeled coaches articulated together, with wheels that were allowed limited side-play. He also realized the necessity for improvements to railway track, the weakest point of which was the joints between the rails, whose adjoining ends were normally held in common chairs. Adams invented the fishplated joint, first used by the Eastern Counties Railway in 1849 and subsequently used almost universally.

Adams was a prolific inventor. Most important of his later inventions was the radial axle, which was first applied to the leading and trailing wheels of a 2–4–2 tank engine, the White Raven, built in 1863; Adams's radial axle was the forerunner of all later radial axles. However, the sprung tyres with which White Raven was also fitted (an elastic steel hoop was interposed between wheel centre and tyre) were not perpetuated. His inventiveness was not restricted to engineering: in matters of dress, his adoption, perhaps invention, of the turn-down collar at a time when men conventionally wore standup collars had lasting effect.

[br]

Bibliography

Adams took out some thirty five British patents, including one for the fishplate in 1847. He wrote copiously, as journalist and author: his most important book was English Pleasure Carriages (1837), a detailed description of coachbuilding, together with ideas for railway vehicles and track. The 1971 reprint (Bath: Adams \& Dart) has a biographical introduction by Jack Simmons.

Further Reading

C.Hamilton Ellis, 1958, Twenty Locomotive Men, Shepperton: Ian Allan, Ch. 1. See also England, George.

PJGR

Biographical history of technology > Adams, William Bridges
12 point

точка; пункт; место; ориентир; вершина, острие, конец; деление ( шкалы) ; румб ( компаса) ; показывать, указывать

100 foot point — точка на высоте 100 футов (30,5 м)

1-g trim point — балансировочная точка при единичной перегрузке

35-ft height point — точка на высоте 35 футов (10,5 м) над уровнем впп

50-ft flare point — точка (начала) выравнивания на высоте 50 футов (15 м)

attachment points for external loads — узлы крепления наружных подвесок

computed air release point — расчётный пункт сброса (десанта, грузов); расчётная точка сбрасывания бомб

constant pitching moment point — аэродинамический фокус

continuously computed impact point — непрерывно вычисляемая точка попадания бомбы

end point of the nozzle — концевая точка профиля сопла

external (stores) attachment points — узлы наружной подвески (грузов или вооружения)

external (stores) mounting points — узлы наружной подвески (грузов или вооружения)

first point of Aries — точка весеннего равноденствия

first point of Cancer — точка летнего солнцестояния

first point of Capricornus — точка зимнего солнцестояния

first point of Libra — точка осеннего равноденствия

glide slope intercept point — точка пересечения глиссадною луча (при заходе на посадку)

ground interception point of the glide slope — точка пересечения глиссады с землёй

ground pressurization test point — точка наземной проверки герметичности [герметизации]

laminar near wake critical point — критическая точка в области ламинарного следа

mean point of impact — центр [средняя точка] попаданий; геометрический центр площади рассеивания (бомб)

near wake critical point — аэрд. критическая точка н ближней области следа

one point per flight — один режим на [за] полет (об испытании)

oxygen (system) charging point — точка зарядки [заправки] кислородной системы

point in the takeoff — точка траектории взлета

point of engine failure — точка отказа двигателя

point of last departure — пункт последнего вылета

point of safe return — рубеж возврата (при сохранении навигационного запаса топлива)

point of thrust termination — точка прекращения работы двигателя, конец активного участка

portable fuel supply point — передвижной пункт заправки топливом

side load reaction point — точка [узел], воспринимающая боковую нагрузку

waste water drain servicing point — точка слива грязной воды при наземном обслуживании

wing-flap retraction complete point — точка завершения уборки закрылков

— accuracy point

— actuation point

— aiming point

— airborne command point

— aircraft dispersal point

— airdrome reference point

— air-launching point

— alighting point

— all-burnt point

— ammunition storage point

— antipodal point

— antisolar point

— aphelion point

— approach aiming point

— assembly point

— auto-approach breakoff point

— auto-navigation homing point

— autopilot breakoff point

— autumnal equinox point

— axisymmetric stagnation point

— bomb release point

— branch point

— break point

— breakdown point

— breakeven point

— breaking point

— breakout point

— bubble point

— built-in test point

— burble point

— burnout point

— canopy breaker point

— cant point

— capture point

— cardinal points

— center reference point

— charging point

— check point

— cockpit dew point

— collinear points

— collision point

— compass points

— compulsory landing point

— compulsory reporting point

— concentrated reaction point

— contact point

— control point

— convergence point

— crossing point

— cutoff point

— data point

— datum point

— dead-reckoning point

— debarkation point

— decision point

— departure point

— design point

— detachment point

— dew point

— discharge point

— disconnect point

— discontinuity point

— dive entry point

— docking point

— down lock point

— drop point

— early warning point

— elastic point

— enroute point

— entry point

— equigravitational point

— equinoctial point

— exit point

— fatigue point

— feeder point

— filling point

— fin attachment point

— fire point

— firing point

— flame-break point

— flammability point

— flareout point

— flash point

— focal point

— force application point

— freezing point

— frost point

— fusion point

— GCA handover point

— ground-charging point

— guidance initial point

— half-deflection point

— hard point

— high-key point

— high-speed buffet point

— holding point

— homing point

— hovering point

— hump point

— ice point

— identification point

— ignition point

— ILS reference point

— impact point

— impingement point

— inflection point

— inflexion point

— initial point

— initial route point

— initiation point

— intercept ion point

— intermediate point

— intersection point

— jacking point

— junction point

— key point

— landing point

— lashing point

— launching point

— lead point

— letdown point

— lift application point

— liftoff point

— loading point

— low-key point

— lunar landing point

— maintenance point

— major test point

— mandatory landing point

— mandatory reporting point

— maneuver point

— mass point

— maximum refusal point

— measurement point

— measuring point

— melting point

— mid-chord point

— missed approach point

— missile-impact point

— missile-target encounter point

— monitoring point

— mount point

— neutral point

— nodal point

— observation point

— off-design point

— off-loading point

— offset point

— oil filling point

— on-request reporting point

— operating point

— over-wing filling point

— oxygen filling point

— oxygen point

— parachute sling point

— perigee point

— picketing point

— pickle point

— pickup point

— pitot point

— point Bravo

— point of arrival

— point of cavitation

— point of chamber

— point of climb

— point of destination

— point of flare

— point of initiation

— point of injection

— point of no-return

— point of origin

— point of separation

— polar curve point

— pour point

— power-unit failure point

— prebriefed point

— predicted collision point

— predicted point

— pressure-refueling point

— pressure-sensing point

— prestall buffet point

— QFE reference point

— quadrantal points

— quarter-chord point

— radar point

— rally point

— rear-fuselage detachment point

— reentry point

— reference point

— refill point

— refueling point

— release point

— rendezvous point

— reporting point

— retro-fire point

— return route point

— roll-in point

— route changing point

— route point

— route turning point

— seat fixing point

— self-ignition point

— separation point

— service draining point

— shock-wave intersection point

— sighting point

— singular point

— skia point

— slinging point

— solidification point

— solstitial point

— sonic point

— splash point

— splashdown point

— staging point

— stagnation point

— stalling point

— starting point

— static point

— steam point

— stick-fixed maneuver point

— stopover point

— stopping point

— store mounting point

— strong point

— subastral point

— sublimation point

— sublunar point

— subsatellite point

— subsolar point

— substellar point

— summing point

— suspension point

— tailplane attachment point

— tailplane pivot point

— takeoff point

— tangency point

— tanking point

— tapping point

— target approach point

— target point

— taxi holding point

— temperature-sensing point

— terminal point

— terminal route point

— test pickoff point

— test point

— threshold point

— tie-down point

— time reference point

— toilet servicing point

— touchdown point

— towing point

— transfer point

— transition point

— trip point

— triple point

— turning point

— turnoff point

— undercarriage mounting point

— underwing hard point

— underwing refueling point

— unstick point

— vernal equinox point

— wake point

— water drain point

— water touchdown point

— wing center point

— yield point

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > point
13 Meusnier, Jean Baptiste Marie

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

[br]

b. 1754 Tours, France

d. 1793 Mainz, Germany

[br]

French designer of the "dirigible balloon" (airship).

[br]

Just a few days after the first balloon flight by the relatively primitive Montgolfier hot-air balloon, a design for a sophisticated steerable or "dirigible" balloon was proposed by a young French army officer. On 3 December 1783, Lieutenant (later General) Jean Baptiste Marie Meusnier of the Corps of Engineers presented to the Académie des Sciences a paper entitled Mémoire sur l'équilibre des machines aérostatiques. This outlined Meusnier's ideas and so impressed the learned members of the Academy that they commissioned him to make a more complete study. This was published in 1784 and contained sixteen water-colour drawings of the proposed airship, which are preserved by the Musée de l'Air in Paris.

Meusnier's "machine aérostatique" was ellipsoidal in shape, in contrast to those of his unsuccessful contemporaries who tried to make spherical balloons steerable, often using oars for propulsion. Meusnier's proposed airship was 79.2 m (260 ft) long with the crew in a slim boat slung below the envelope (in case of a landing on water); it was steered by a large sail-like rudder at the rear end. Between the envelope and the boat were three propellers, which were to be manually driven as there was no suitable engine available; this was the first design for a propeller-driven aircraft. The most important innovation was a ballonnet, a balloon within the main envelope that was pressurized with air supplied by bellows in the boat. Varying the amount of air in the ballonnet would compensate for changes in the volume of hydrogen gas in the main envelope when the airship changed altitude. The ballonnet would also help to maintain the external shape of the main envelope.

General Meusnier was killed in action in 1793 and it was almost one hundred years from the date of his publication that his idea of ballonnets was put into practice, by Dupuy de Lome in 1872, and later by Renard and Krebs.

[br]

Bibliography

1784, Mémoire sur l'équilibre des machines aérostatiques, Paris; repub. Paris: Musée de l'Air.

Further Reading

L.T.C.Rolt, 1966, The Aeronauts, London (paperback 1985). Basil Clarke, 1961, The History of Airships, London.

JDS

Biographical history of technology > Meusnier, Jean Baptiste Marie
14 Mignet, Henri

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

[br]

b. 19 October 1893 Saintes, France

d. 31 August 1965 Bordeaux, France

[br]

French inventor of the Pou-du-Ciel or Flying Flea, a small aeroplane for the do-it-yourself constructor, popular in the 1930s.

[br]

Throughout the history of aviation there have been many attempts to produce a cheap and simple aeroplane for "the man in the street". The tiny Demoiselle built by Alberto Santos- Dumont in 1909 or the de Havilland Moth of 1925 are good examples, but the one which very nearly achieved this aim was Henri Mignet's Flying Flea of 1933. Mignet was a self-taught designer of light aircraft, which often incorporated his unorthodox ideas. His Pou-du-Ciel ("Sky Louse" or "Flying Flea") was unorthodox. The materials used in construction were conventional wood and fabric, but the control system departed from the usual wing plus tailplane (with elevators). The Flea had two wings in tandem. The rear wing was fixed, while the forward wing was hinged to allow the angle of incidence, and hence its lift, to be increased or decreased. Reducing the forward wing's lift would cause the Flea to dive. After Mignet's first flight, on 6 September 1933, and the publication of his book Le Sport de l'air, which explains how to build a Poudu-Ciel, a Pou-building craze started in France. Mignet's book was translated into English and 6,000 copies were sold in a month. During 1935 the craze spread to Britain, where a Flying Flea could be built for £50–£90, including the engine. After several fatal crashes, the aircraft was banned in 1936. A design fault in the control system was to blame, and although this was remedied the wave of popular enthusiasm vanished. Mignet continued to design light aircraft and during the Second World War he was working on a Pou- Maquis for use by the French Resistance but the war ended before the aircraft was ready. During the post-war years a series of Flying Flea derivatives appeared, but their numbers were small. However, the home-build movement in general has grown in recent years, a fact which would have pleased Henri Mignet, the "Patron Saint of Homebuilders".

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur. Médaille de l'Aéronautique.

Bibliography

1935, The Flying Flea: How to Build and Fly it, London (English edn).

Further Reading

Ken Ellis and Geoff Jones, 1990, Henri Mignet and His Flying Flea, Yeovil (a full account).

Geoff Jones, 1992, Building and Flying Your Own Plane, Yeovil (describes the Flying Flea and its place in the homebuild story).

JDS

Biographical history of technology > Mignet, Henri
15 engineer

инженер имя существительное:
инженер (engineer)

механик (mechanic, fitter, engineer, mechanician, operator, machinist)

машинист (driver, machinist, engineer, engine driver, mechanic, motorman)

сапер (sapper, engineer, pioneer)
глагол:
проектировать (design, project, engineer, plan, scheme)

создавать (create, build, establish, make, produce, engineer)

подстраивать (engineer, frame up)

затевать (contrive, meditate, plan, brew, engineer)

сооружать (construct, build, erect, rear, engineer, frame)

изобретать (invent, devise, contrive, forge, engineer, strike out)

придумывать (invent, think, think up, think of, devise, engineer)

работать в качестве инженера (engineer)

провоцировать (provoke, instigate, engineer)

устраивать (arrange, suit, organize, settle, hold, engineer)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > engineer
16 wing

wing n
крыло
winged v
с крыльями
air transport wing
авиатранспортное подразделение
all-moving wing
управляемое крыло
anhedral wing
крыло с отрицательным углом поперечного ВЭ
arrow-type wing
стреловидное крыло
augmentor wing
крыло с управляемой циркуляцией
backswept boundary layer controlled wing
крыло с управляемым пограничным слоем
braced wing
расчаленное крыло
cantilever wing
свободнонесущее крыло
center wing
центроплан
center wing section
центроплан крыла
clean wing
аэродинамическое чистое крыло
continuous wing beam
неразрезной лонжерон крыла
crescent wing
серповидное крыло
delta wing
треугольное крыло
design wing area
расчетная площадь крыла
detach the wing
отстыковывать крыло
dihedral wing
крыло с положительным углом поперечного ВЭ
elliptical wing
эллиптическое крыло
fixed wing
неподвижное крыло
flow about wing
обтекание крыла
folding wing
складывающееся крыло
folding wing aircraft
воздушное судно со складывающимся крылом
forward-swept wing
крыло обратной стреловидности
front wing spar
передний лонжерон крыла
gross wing area
площадь крыла, включая подфюзеляжную часть
gull wing
крыло типа чайка
high-lift devices wing
крыло с механизацией для обеспечения большей подъемной силы
high-lift wing devices
высокоэффективная механизация крыла
high wing
высокорасположенное крыло
infinite-span wing
крыло бесконечного размаха
inner wing
центроплан
inverted-gull wing
крыло типа обратная чайка
lift wing
несущая расчалка
low aspect wing
крыло малого удлинения
lower wing
нижнее крыло
low wing
низкорасположенное крыло
middle wing bar
средний фланговый горизонт
mid wing
среднерасположенное крыло
monospar wing
однолонжеронное крыло
movable wing
крыло изменяемой крыло
outer wing
отъемная часть крыла
over the wing
над крылом
pipeline to wing slat
трубопровод подвода воздуха к предкрылку
pivoting wing
поворотное крыло
rear wing spar
задний лонжерон крыла
rectangular wing
прямоугольное крыло
rigid wing
жесткое крыло
rocking wings
покачивание крыльями
rotary wing
несущий винт
shoulder wing
высокорасположенное крыло
single-bay wing
одностоечное крыло
single-spar wing
однолонжеронное крыло
slotted wing
щелевое крыло
steady airflow about the wing
установившееся обтекание крыла воздушным потоком
stressed-skin wing
крыло с работающей обшивкой
sweptback wing
крыло прямой стреловидности
sweptforward wing
крыло обратной стреловидности
swept wing
стреловидное крыло
tapered wing
трапециевидное крыло
torsion box wing
крыло кессонной конструкции
two-spar wing
двухлонжеронное крыло
upper wing
верхнее крыло
upwind wing bar
дальний фланговый горизонт
variable-area wing
крыло с изменяемой площадью
variable-geometry wing
крыло изменяемой геометрии
variable-incidence wing
крыло с изменяемым углом установки
variable-sweep wing
крыло переменной стреловидности
variable-swept wing
крыло изменяемой стреловидности
wing aeroelasticity
аэроупругость крыла
wing anti-icing system
противообледенительная система крыла
wing area
площадь крыла
wing aspect ratio
относительное удлинение крыла
wing attachment fitting
узел крепления крыла
wing bar
фланговый горизонт
wing bar lights
огни световых горизонтов
wing base line
базовая линия крыла
wing bearing capacity
несущая способность крыла
wing bending moment
изгибающий момент крыла
wing bending relief
разгрузка крыла
wing box
отсек кессона крыла
wing box panel
панель кессона крыла
wing buckling
продольный изгиб крыла
wing butting
стыковка крыла
wing butting wrench
ключ для стыковки крыла
wing chord
хорда крыла
wing chord line
линия хорды крыла
wing clearance light
габаритный огонь крыла
wing covering
обшивка крыла
wing cradle
ложемент под крыло
wing curvature
кривизна крыла
wing devices
механизация крыла
wing divergence
дивергенция крыла
wing dogtooth extension
наплыв крыла
wing drag
лобовое сопротивление крыла
wing drop
завал на крыло
wing dropping
завал на крыло
wing engine
крыльевой двигатель
wing extendable devices
выдвижная механизация крыла
wing fence
аэродинамический гребень на крыле
wing fillet
зализ крыла
wing flap
закрылок
wing flap control system
система управления закрылками
wing flaps error transmitter
датчик рассогласования закрылков
wing fuel tank
топливный крыльевой бак
wing geometric twist
геометрическая крутка крыла
wing heaviness
тенденция сваливания на крыло
wing horse
крыльевой ложемент
wing icing conditions
условия обледенения крыла
wing integral fuel tank
топливный отсек крыла
wing jack
подъемник крыла
wing jacking point
гнездо под крыльевой подъемник
wing joint
разъем крыла
wing leading edge
носок крыла
wing lift
подъемная сила крыла
wing load
нагрузка на крыло
wing longitudinal oscillation
продольное колебание крыла
wing lower surface
нижняя поверхность крыла
wing manhole
люк в крыле
wing outer panels joint
стык консолей крыла
wing planform
форма крыла в плане
wing polar
поляра крыла
wing pressure plotting
распределение давления по крылу
wing rib
крыльевая нервюра
wing root
корневая часть крыла
wing screw jack
винтовой подъемник крыла
wing section
профиль крыла
wing setting
установка угла положения крыла
wing setting angle
угол заклинения крыла
wing shape
профиль крыла
wing skeleton
остов крыла
wing slide
скольжение на крыло
wing slot
щель крыла
(для обдува) wing slot door
створка щели крыла
wing span
размах крыла
wing spar
лонжерон крыла
wing spar cap
пояс лонжерона крыла
wing split line
линия разъема крыла
wing spoiler system
система крыльевых интерцептор
wing stall sensor
датчик критических углов атаки крыла
wing static discharger
статический разрядник крыла
wing sweep angle
угол стреловидности крыла
wing tail fillet
хвостовой зализ крыла
wing taper
сужение крыла
wing taper ratio
относительное сужение крыла
wing tip
законцовка крыла
wing tip clearance
запас высоты законцовки крыла
wing tip clearance line
линия ограничения безопасного расстояния до конца крыла
wing torsional moment
крутящий момент крыла
wing torsional stiffness
жесткость крыла на кручение
wing torsion stiffness
жесткость крыла на кручение
wing trestle
подкрыльевой козелок
wing trim strip
балансировочный нож на задней кромке крыла
wing twist
крутка крыла
wing upper surface
верхняя поверхность крыла
wing variable sweep
изменяемая стреловидность крыла
wing walker
сопровождающий у конца крыла
wing walk mat
мат на крыло
wing walkway
крыльевой мат

English-Russian aviation dictionary > wing

См. также в других словарях:

Rear-engine design — In automobile design, a rear engine design layout places the engine at the rear of the vehicle. The center of gravity of the engine itself is past the rear axle. This is not to be confused with the center of gravity of the whole vehicle, as an… … Wikipedia
Rear-engine, rear-wheel drive layout — In automotive design, a RR, or Rear engine, Rear wheel drive layout is one which places both the engine and drive wheels at the rear of the vehicle. In contrast to the RMR layout, however, the center of mass of the engine itself is actually past… … Wikipedia
Rear-engine, four-wheel drive layout — In automotive design, an R4, or Rear engine, Four wheel drive layout places the engine at the rear of the vehicle and drives all four wheels. This layout is typically chosen to improve the traction or the handling of existing vehicle designs… … Wikipedia
Mid-engine design — A mid engine layout describes the placement of an automobile engine between the rear and front axles. Another term for this is mid ship.[citation needed] Contents 1 Benefits 2 Drawbacks 3 … Wikipedia
Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout — In automotive design, a RMR or Rear Mid engine, Rear wheel drive layout is one in which the rear wheels are driven by an engine placed just in front of them, behind the passenger compartment. In contrast to the rear engined RR layout, the center… … Wikipedia
Engine — This article is about a machine to convert energy into useful mechanical motion. For other uses of engine, see Engine (disambiguation). For other uses of motor, see Motor (disambiguation). A V6 internal combustion engine from a Mercedes car An… … Wikipedia
Rear suspension — For front wheel drive cars, rear suspension has few constraints and a variety of beam axles and independent suspensions are used.For rear wheel drive cars, rear suspension has many constraints and the march to the superior but more expensive… … Wikipedia
Cox model engine — Cox Model Engines Cox Fokker DVII Ready To Fly Control Line Model Plane … Wikipedia
gasoline engine — Most widely used form of internal combustion engine, found in most automobiles and many other vehicles. Gasoline engines vary significantly in size, weight per unit of power generated, and arrangement of components. The principal type is the… … Universalium
Mid-engine, front-wheel drive layout — MF layout In automotive design, a MF, or Mid engine, Front wheel drive layout is one in which the front road wheels are driven by an internal combustion engine placed just behind them, in front of the passenger compartment. In contrast to the… … Wikipedia
Mid-engine, four-wheel drive layout — The Lamborghini Murciélago uses the M4 configuration. In automotive design, an M4, or Mid engine, Four wheel drive layout places the internal combustion engine in the middle of the vehicle, between both axles and drives all four roadwheels. It is … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

rear engine design

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

rear engine design

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: